Each month begins approximately at the time of the new moon. (Most countries now use the Gregorian calendar for civil purposes.) It is based on a year of 12 months: Muḥarram, Ṣafar, Rabīʿ al-Awwal, Rabīʿ al-Thānī, Jumādā al-Awwal, Jumādā al-Thānī, Rajab, Shaʿbān, Ramaḍān (the month of fasting), Shawwāl, Dhū al-Qaʿdah, and Dhū al-Ḥijjah. Islamic calendar, also called Hijrī calendar or Muslim calendar, dating system used in the Islamic world for religious purposes. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives. These are the main events in the Muslim calendar. About 69 days later, on the 10th of Dhu al-Hijja is `Id al-Adha, the "Feast of Sacrifice," that commemorate Abraham's offering of his son. It is a joyous occasion, rather like Easter, when businesses and offices close. On the first of the following month, Shawwal, the first of the required feasts, `Id al-Fitr, is celebrated to mark the end of the fast. The entire ninth month, Ramadan, is special in that it is the month all Muslims must fast. In recent years, however, many Muslim countries have adopted the Western practice of closing offices one day in seven, and some have opted for Friday instead of Sunday. Keep this in mind when fixing a date with those from the Muslim world to be sure there are no misunderstandings.įriday noon is the one time in the week Muslims must worship together at the mosque, but Friday is not a day of rest. Thus the "night of the 27th of Ramadan" begins just after sundown on the 26th. Note that Muslims (as in Biblical times) reckon the "day" to begin in the evening. The names of the Islamic months in numerical order are: Thus, 33 lunar years equal 32 solar years. Hence, the Islamic calendar travels backward through the solar calendar about 11 days per year, returning to the same solar time in about 33 lunar years. The Qur'an (9:36-37) forbids the periodic insertion of a 13th month to keep it in line with the solar year. Because of this, although the Islamic lunar year has 12 months, it has only 354 days on an average. The new moon must also be visually sighted for the new month to start mathematical calculation is not valid.īecause of this requirement one can never be sure in advance precisely when the month of Ramadan will begin and one should start fasting. Any given month will have 29 days some years and 30 days in others. Since the average interval between new moons is 29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes and 3 seconds, the lunar months alternate between 29 and 30 days in length. The Qur'an stipulates (10:5) that the new moon be used to mark the first day of each month. Then, the Hijri calendar is lunar, and not solar like the Gregorian calendar. Muslims date everything from that event, usually considered to correspond to September 20th, 622 in the Gregorian calendar. It begins, not with the birth of Christ, but with the Hijra, the day Muhammad "emigrated" from Mecca to Medina to set up his new social order. CBN.com - The Islamic calendar is quite different from the one we use in the West.
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